In the era of suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV reservoir cells are the last hurdle in eradicating the virus. Here, we are testing the hypothesis that immunotherapy against cancer potentiates the reactivation of latently infected cells isolated from ART-suppressed individuals favoring their elimination.

Individuals who have the ability to control HIV-1 to undetectable levels either naturally in the absence of antiretroviral treatment (ART) (elite controllers), or those who achieve this after starting ART early in infection and later stopping ART (post-treatment controllers) – tell us that HIV remission is possible. This study describes virological and immunological features associated with a single case of durable post-treatment control of HIV-1 in a young South African child.